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Behavioral integrity (Simons, 2002). Organization Science

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7:42 am
October 20, 2008


hleroy

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posts 9

I want to discuss some of the ideas presented in this paper:

One passage in this paper defines behavioral integrity as the perceived alignment between words and deeds. Furthermore, this definition distinguishes it from more traditional vision of integrity that espouses a moral undertone. I believe this an important conceptualization in the integrity domain as it effectively deals with the fact that these morales are often subjective and in this sense integrity often becomes a normative concept.

A remark to this however: later the paper states that because of this view on integrity and a possible mismatch on values between persons: “one might not support the colleague's actions or seek vulnerability to him”. However is vulnerability not one of the key antecedents or components to building trust? Later trust is defined as “the willingness of a party to be vulnerable to the actions of another party based on the expectation that the other will perform a particular action important to the trustor, irrespective of the ability to monitor or control the other party.” (rather than positive expectations based largely on the ascription of benevolence and value or goal congruity). Nevertheless it is hypothesized that “that BI is likely to affect trust and mistrust through both the mechanisms of perceived reliability and of ?perceived value or goal congruity?” Can someone clarify my confusion?

Perhaps an example may further clarify my problems with this. If my manager is consistent in words and actions, I probably will see him as a just person and I even might believe that he will not mislead me. However I have no way of telling if his words reflect his underlying values. In other words, I still have no way of telling whether he is manipulating the situation. Doesn't he need to open up first, so people know what he stands for. In research terms: Will the amount of self-disclosure (cf. vulnerability) influence the relationship between behavioral integrity and trust? Or in other words will self-disclosure help distinguish in the impact of behavioral integrity on the difference between trust and mistrust as defined by Sitkin and Roh (1993) and described by Fox (1974)?

My main problem here is with the value or goal congruence as a necessary ingredient. If we fully agree in values and goals with our boss, we might lose the potentially creative individuals that some businesses desperataly need.

These are just some firsthand thoughts on rereading the paper. Perhaps I need to delve into the literature a little bit further to solve my own conundrum. Any suggested readings that may clarify this further?

12:18 pm
December 3, 2008


TonySimons

Member

posts 16

My sense is that BI is one of several antecedents to trust.  BI perceptions might affect perceptions of goal and/or value congruety, as people will sometimes make sinister atrtributions for perceived inconsistency.  However,  perceived value and/or goal incongruety can exist independent of BI.   My boss can, for example, display perfect BI while he espouses and enacts values that I find abhorrent.  Recall that BI is not all it takes to establish trust.

A second question you raise is about the role of self-disclosure and thus authenticity.  I think people will make some inference about authenticity from the level of BI they see.  And I also think that a leader's authentic personal alignment behind espoused and enacted values will facilitate alignment between the two and so facilitate BI.  I am not sure what other factors followers examine in assessing their leaders' authenticity… but I suspect it is mostly or wholly inference based on very indirect evidence.

Did I get at your underlying question?

3:16 am
December 30, 2008


hleroy

Member

posts 9

I think so yes, but I will let you be the judge based on my response:Smile


I do not fully agree with denoting authenticity as perceived self-disclosure. In essence, authenticity is a self-referential construct and integrity is a perception by others. Authenticity depicts the process that leads to perceived integrity.

However, suppose I use the terms of perceived behavioral integrity and perceived authenticity. Am I correct to infer that perceived reliability will be the main driver of perceived behavioral integrity and perceived value/goal congruence as the main driver of perceived authenticity? And will behavioral integrity be cognitive-based trust and perceived authenticity affective-based trust?

2:22 pm
January 24, 2009


TonySimons

Member

posts 16

Behavioral integrity will be driven primarily by reliability — of both promise-keeping and the accuracy with which so-called self-disclosure, or value espousal, drives berhavior.  i think an observer would infer authenticity from this latter form of behavioral integrity, as most people tend to assume that behavior reveals “true” values, while espousal is… just espousal.  the terms value or goal congruence typically denote perceived congruence between my own (the observer's) values/goals and the target's.  again, one might well infer that the other is failing to represent their values honestly because they differ from one's own — or are incongruent.

as to affect-based trust and cognitive-based trust:  i am not persuaded of McAllister & Lewicki's distinction… if the two trust types are distinct, there must be tremendous spillover between them.  That said, I appreciate your intuition and you might be right.

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